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19-2596; Rev 0; 10/02
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
General Description
The MAX9993 high-linearity down-conversion mixer provides 8.5dB of gain, +23.5dBm IIP3, and 9.5dB NF for UMTS, DCS, and PCS base-station applications. The MAX9993 integrates baluns in the RF and LO ports, a dual-input LO selectable switch, an LO buffer, a double-balanced mixer, and a differential IF output amplifier. The MAX9993 requires a typical LO drive of +3dBm, and supply current is guaranteed to below 230mA. The MAX9993 is available in a compact 20-pin thin QFN package (5mm 5mm) with an exposed pad. Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended -40C to +85C temperature range. The MAX9993 EV kit is available; contact the factory for more information. o +23.5dBm Input IIP3 o 1700MHz to 2200MHz RF Frequency Range o 40MHz to 350MHz IF Frequency Range o 1400MHz to 2000MHz LO Frequency Range o 8.5dB Conversion Gain o 9.5dB Noise Figure o Integrated LO Buffer o Switch-Selectable (SPDT), Two LO Inputs o Low 0 to +6dBm LO Drive o 40dB LO1-to-LO2 Isolation
Features
MAX9993
Applications
UMTS and 3G Base Stations DCS1800 and EDGE Base Stations PCS1900 Base Stations Point-to-Point Microwave Systems Wireless Local Loop Private Mobile Radio Military Systems
PART MAX9993ETP-T
Ordering Information
TEMP RANGE -40C to 85C PIN-PACKAGE 20 Thin QFN-EP*
*EP = Exposed pad.
Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram
TOP VIEW
20 IFBIAS 16 LEXT 15 LO2 14 GND 13 GND
MAX9993
VCC RF TAP GND GND
1 2 3 4 5
GND 10
17 GND
19 IF+
18 IF-
12 GND 11 LO1
VCC 6
LOBIAS 7
VCC 8
THIN QFN
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
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LOSEL 9
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC ..........................................................................-0.3V to 5.5V RF (RF is DC shorted to GND through balun).....................50mA LO1, LO2 to GND ...............................................................0.3V TAP, IF+, IF- to GND ..................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) LOSEL to GND ................................-0.3V to (VCC (pin 8) + 0.3V) LOBIAS, IFBIAS, LEXT to GND ..................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) RF and LO Input Power ..................................................+22dBm Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 20-Lead Thin QFN (derate 30.3mW/C above TA = +70C) ....................2200mW JA ....................................................................................33C/W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit as shown, no input RF or LO signals applied. VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at VCC = 5.0V and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current LOSEL Input High Voltage LOSEL Input Low Voltage LOSEL Input Current SYMBOL VCC Total supply current ICC VIH VIL IIL and IIH -5 VCC (pin 8) IF+/IF- (total of both) 2.0 0.8 +5 CONDITIONS MIN 4.75 TYP 5.00 202 87 103 MAX 5.25 230 105 133 V V A mA UNITS V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Operating Circuit, 4.75V < VCC < 5.75V, -40C < TA < +85, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, 0dBm < PLO < +6dBm, PRF = -5dBm, 1700MHz < fRF < 2200MHz, 1400MHz < fLO < 2000MHz, fIF = 200MHz. Typical values are for TA = +25C VCC = 5.0V, PLO = +3dBm, fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, 200MHz IF.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER RF Frequency LO Frequency IF Frequency Conversion Gain Gain Variation Over Temperature Gain Variation from Nominal (3) Input Compression Point Input Third-Order Intercept Point (Note 3) P1dB Two RF tones: -5dBm each at 1950MHz and 1951MHz, LO: +3dBm at 1750MHz IIP3 Two RF tones: -5dBm each at 2200MHz and 2201MHz, LO: +3dBm at 2000MHz 23 SYMBOL fRF fLO fIF GC (Note 3) TA = -40C to +85C (Note 6) CONDITIONS MIN 1700 1400 50 8.5 0.0012 0.45 12.6 24 dBm TYP MAX 2200 2000 350 UNITS MHz MHz MHz dB dB/C dB dBm
2
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High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical Operating Circuit, 4.75V < VCC < 5.75V, -40C < TA < +85, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, 0dBm < PLO < +6dBm, PRF = -5dBm, 1700MHz < fRF < 2200MHz, 1400MHz < fLO < 2000MHz, fIF = 200MHz. Typical values are for TA = +25C VCC = 5.0V, PLO = +3dBm, fRF = 1900MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, 200MHz IF.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER IIP3 Variation Over Temperature Noise Figure Required LO Drive NF PLO 2 RF - 2 LO PRF = -5dBm fRF = 1950MHz fLO = 1750MHz fSPUR = 1850MHz 3 RF - 3 LO PRF = -5dBm fRF = 1950MHz fLO = 1750MHz fSPUR = 1816.66MHz PLO = +3dBm PLO = +6dBm PLO = +3dBm PLO = +6dBm SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA = -40C to +85C fRF = 1950MHz, fLO = 1750MHz, measured single-side band 0 MIN TYP 0.5 9.5 3 65 70 dBc 67 68 -19 -21 37 28 <50 40 19 LO port selected LO port unselected RF terminated, PLO = +3dBm (Note 5) 15 14 15 dBm dBm dB dB ns dB dB dB dB 6 MAX UNITS dB dB dBm
MAX9993
22 Spurious Response at IF 33
Maximum LO-to-RF Leakage Maximum LO-to-IF Leakage Minimum RF-to-IF Isolation Conversion Loss, LO to IF LO Switching Time LO1-to-LO2 Isolation RF Return Loss LO Return Loss IF Return Loss
PLO = 0dBm to +6dBm, fLO = 1400MHz to 2000MHz PLO = 0dBm to +6dBm, fLO = 1400MHz to 2000MHz fRF = 1700MHz to 2200MHz PLO = +0dBm, inject -20dBm at 200MHz into LO port, measure 200MHz at IF 50% of LOSEL to IF settled to within 2 degrees (Note 4)
Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6:
Guaranteed by design and characterization. All limits reflect losses of external components. Output measurements taken at IFOUT of the Typical Application Circuit. Production tested. Measured at IF port at IF frequency. fLO1 and fLO2 are offset by 1MHz, PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm. IF return loss can be optimized by external matching components. Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some specifications.
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3
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-01
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-02
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-03
11
11
11
10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB) CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
10
9
9
9
8 TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C
8
PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm
8
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
7
7
7
6 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
6 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
6 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
CONVERSION GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-04
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-05
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
PRF = -5dBm 80 2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) PLO = +3dBm PLO = 0dBm PLO = +6dBm
MAX9993-06 MAX9993-09
11
85 PRF = -5dBm 80 2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) TA = +85C 75 70 65 60 55 50 TA = -40C TA = +25C
85
10 CONVERSION GAIN (dB)
9
8 TA = +25C TA = -40C
7
TA = +85C
6 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
45 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2 RF - 2 LO RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-07
2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
PRF = -5dBm 80 2 LO - 2 RF RESPONSE (dBc) 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 TA = +25C TA = +85C 22 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
MAX9993-08
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
26 TA = +85C 25 TA = +25C
85 PRF = -5dBm 80 2 RF- 2 LO RESPONSE (dBc) 75 70 65 60 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V 55 50 45 VCC = 5.25V
85 TA = -40C
24 TA = -40C 23
21 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
4
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High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-10
MAX9993
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-11
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993-12
26 PLO = +6dBm 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
26 VCC = 5.25V 25 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
26
25 INPUT IP3 (dBm)
24 PLO = +3dBm 23 PLO = 0dBm
24 VCC = 5.0V VCC = 4.75V
24 TA = +85C 23 TA = +25C TA = -40C
23
22
22
22
21 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
21 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
21 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT P1dB vs. RF REQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc13
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc14
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc15
15 TA = +85C
15
15 VCC = 5.25C
14 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
TA = +25C
14 INPUT P1dB (dBm) PLO = +3dBm, +6dBm 13 PLO = 0dBm
14 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
VCC = 5.0V
13
13
12 TA = -40C 11
12
12 VCC = 4.75V
11
11
10 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
10 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
10 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT P1dB vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc16
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc17
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
43 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 PLO = +6dBm PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm PLO1 = PLO2 fLO = 1MHz
MAX9993 toc18
15 TA = +85C
44 43 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 TA = +85C TA = +25C TA = -40C PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm fLO = 1MHz
44
14 INPUT P1dB (dBm)
TA = +25C
13
12 TA = -40C
11
10 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
34 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
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5
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc19
LO SWITCH ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc20
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc21
44 43 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 VCC = 4.75, 5.00, 5.25V PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm fLO = 1MHz
44 43 LO SWITCH ISOLATION (dB) 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 TA = +85C TA = -40C TA = +25C PLO1 = PLO2 = +3dBm fLO = 1MHz
-30
-35 LO LEAKAGE (dBm)
TA = +25C TA = +85C
-40
-45 TA = -40C -50 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc22
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc23
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY
IF PORT TERMINATED IN 50 -20 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) PLO = 0dBm -25 PLO = +3dBm -30
MAX9993 toc24 MAX9993 toc27
-30 PLO = +6dBm -35 LO LEAKAGE (dBm) PLO = 0dBm -40
-30 VCC = 5.25V -35 LO LEAKAGE (dBm)
-15
-40 VCC = 5.0V -45 VCC = 4.75V
-45 PLO = +3dBm -50 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
-35 PLO = +6dBm 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
-50 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
-40
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc25
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
55.0 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 52.5 50.0 47.5 45.0 42.5 40.0 37.5 35.0 PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm
MAX9993 toc26
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. RF FREQUENCY
57.5 55.0 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 52.5 50.0 47.5 45.0 42.5 40.0 37.5 35.0 VCC = +4.75V, +5.0V, +5.25V
57.5 55.0 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 52.5 50.0 47.5 45.0 42.5 40.0 37.5 35.0 TA = +25C TA = -40C TA = +85C
57.5
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 1400 1482 1564 1646 1728 1810 1892 1974 2056 2138 2220 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
6
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High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX9993 EV Kit, VCC = 5.0V, PRF = -5dBm, PLO = +3dBm, LO is low-side injected for a 200MHz IF, TA = +25C. For high-side LO injection curves, LO frequency is beyond maximum specified range, and is shown for completeness.)
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc28
MAX9993
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc29
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY LOW-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc30
12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 TA = +25C 8 7 6 TA = -40C TA = +85C
12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 VCC = 5.0V 8 7 6
12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 PLO = +3dBm 8 7 6 PLO = 0dBm
VCC = 5.25V VCC = 4.75V
PLO = +6dBm
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
NOISE FIGURE vs. RF FREQUENCY HIGH-SIDE INJECTION
MAX9993 toc31
RF RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc32
IF RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY
MAX9993 EV KIT (TUNED FOR 70MHz - 100MHz IF) SET BY EXTERNAL MATCHING COMPONENTS
MAX9993 toc33
12 11 NOISE FIGURE (dB) 10 9 8 7 6 TA = -40C TA = +85C
0 5 RF RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 PLO = +6dBm PLO = 0dBm LOW-SIDE INJECTION LO FOR 200MHz IF
0
5 IF RETURN LOSS (dB)
PLO = +3dBm
10
VCC = 4.75V VCC = 5.0V
TA = +25C
15
20 VCC = 5.25V 25 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc34
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY
MAX9993 toc35
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX9993 toc36
0 LO INPUT SELECTED
0 LO INPUT UNSELECTED
205
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
LO RETURN LOSS (dB)
LO RETURN LOSS (dB)
5 PLO = +3dBm 10 PLO = +6dBm
5
200
VCC = 5.25V
195 VCC = 5.0V 190 VCC = 4.75V
10 PLO = 0dBm, +3dBm, +6dBm 15
15 PLO = 0dBm 20 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
185
20 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
180 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (C)
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7
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
Pin Description
PIN 1, 6, 8 2 3 4, 5, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, EP 7 9 11 15 16 18 19 20 NAME VCC RF TAP GND LOBIAS LOSEL LO1 LO2 LEXT IFIF+ IFBIAS FUNCTION Power Supply Connections. See the Typical Application Circuit. Single-Ended 50 RF Input. This port is internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a balun. Provide a DC-blocking capacitor if required. Center Tap of the Internal RF Balun. Bypass with capacitors close to the IC, as shown in the Typical Application Circuit. Ground. Connect to supply ground. Provide multiple vias in the PC board to create a lowinductance connection between the exposed paddle (EP) and the PC board ground. LO Output Bias Resistor for LO Buffer. Connect a 383 (1%) from LOBIAS to GND. LO Select. Logic control input for selecting LO1 or LO2. Local Oscillator Input. LO1 selected when LOSEL is low. Local Oscillator Input. LO2 selected when LOSEL is high. External Inductor Connection. Connect a low-ESR 10nH inductor from LEXT to GND. This inductor carries approximately 100mA DC current. Noninverting IF Output. Requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical Application Circuit). Inverting IF Output. Requires external bias to VCC through an RF choke (see the Typical Application Circuit). IF Bias Resistor Connection for IF Amplifier. Connect a 523 (1%) from IFBIAS to GND.
Detailed Description
The MAX9993 high-linearity down-conversion mixer provides 8.5dB of gain and +23.5dBm IIP3, with a 9.5dB noise figure (typ). Integrated baluns and matching circuitry allow 50 single-ended interfaces to the RF and LO ports. A single-pole, double-throw (SPDT) LO switch provides 50ns switching time between LO inputs, with typically 40dB LO-to-LO isolation. Furthermore, the integrated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX9993's inputs to 0dBm to +6dBm range. The IF port incorporates a differential output, which is ideal for providing enhanced IIP2 performance. Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency ranges to allow for use in UMTS and 2G/2.5G/3G DCS1800 and PCS1900 base stations. The MAX9993 is specified to operate over an RF input range of 1700MHz to 2200MHz, an LO range of 1400MHz to 2000MHz, and an IF range of 40MHz to 350MHz. This device can operate in high-side LO injection applications with an extended LO range, but performance degrades gently as fLO continues to increase. See the Typical Operating Characteristics for measurements taken with fLO up to 2400MHz. This device is available in a compact 5mm 5mm 20-pin thin QFN package with an exposed pad.
8
RF Input and Balun
The MAX9993 has one input (RF) that is internally matched to 50, requiring no external matching components. A DC-blocking capacitor is required, because the input is internally DC shorted to ground through the on-chip balun. Input return loss is better than 15dB over the entire RF frequency range of 1700MHz to 2200MHz.
LO Input, Switch, Buffer, and Balun
The mixer can be used for either high-side or low-side injection applications with an LO frequency range of 1400MHz to 2000MHz. An internal LO SPDT switch selects one of two single-ended LO ports. This allows the external oscillator to settle on a particular frequency before it is switched in. LO switching time is guaranteed to be less than 50ns. This switch is controlled by a digital input (LOSEL): logic low selects LO1, logic high selects LO2. LO1 and LO2 inputs are internally matched to 50, requiring only a 22pF DC-blocking capacitor. A two-stage internal LO buffer allows a wide input power range for the LO drive. All guaranteed specifications are for an LO signal power from 0dBm to +6dBm. A low-loss balun along with an LO buffer drives the double-balanced mixer. All interfacing and matching from the LO inputs to the IF outputs are integrated on-chip.
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High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
Table 1. Component List
COMPONENT C1 C2, C6, C7, C9, C10 C3, C5, C8 C4 C11, C12, C13 L1, L2 L3 R1 R2 R3, R4 R5 T1 VALUE 4pF 22pF 0.01F 10pF 150pF 470nH 10nH 523 383 7.2 200 4:1 (200:50) SIZE 0603 0603 0603 0603 0603 1008 0805 0603 0603 1206 0603 -- Microwave capacitor Microwave capacitors Capacitors Microwave capacitor Microwave capacitors Wire-wound high-Q inductors Wire-wound high-Q inductor 1% resistor 1% resistor 1% resistors 5% resistor IF balun DESCRIPTION
High-Linearity Mixer
The core of the MAX9993 is a double-balanced, highperformance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is provided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO buffer; IIP3 is typically +23.5dBm, IIP2 is typically +60dBm, and total cascaded NF is 9.5dB.
Bias Resistors
Bias currents for the LO buffer and the IF amplifier were optimized by fine-tuning the resistors at LOBIAS and IFBIAS during characterization at the factory. These currents should not be adjusted. If the 383 (1%) and/or 523 (1%) resistor values are not readily available, substitute standard 5% values: 390 and 520, respectively.
Differential IF Output Amplifier
The MAX9993 mixer has an IF frequency range of 40MHz to 350MHz. The differential, open-collector IF output ports require external pullup inductors to VCC. Single-ended IF applications require a 4:1 balun to transform the 200 differential output impedance to a 50 single-ended output. After the balun, VSWR is typically 1.5:1.
Layout Considerations
A properly designed PC board is an essential part of any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance. For best performance, route the ground pin traces directly to the exposed pad underneath the package. This pad should be connected to the ground plane of the board by using multiple vias under the device to provide the best RF/thermal conduction path. Solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the device package to a PC board exposed pad.
Applications Information
Input and Output Matching
The RF and LO inputs are internally matched to 50. No matching components are required. Return loss at the RF port is better than 15dB over the entire input range, 1700MHz to 2200MHz, and return loss at LO1 and LO2 is better than 10dB from 1400MHz to 2000MHz. RF and LO inputs require only DC-blocking capacitors for interfacing. These DC-blocking capacitors can be part of the matching circuit. The IF output impedance is 200 differential out of the IC. An external low-loss 4:1 balun brings this impedance down to a 50 single-ended output (see the Typical Application Circuit).
Power Supply Bypassing
Proper voltage supply bypassing is essential for highfrequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin and TAP with the capacitors shown in the typical application circuit. Place the TAP bypass capacitor to ground within 100 mils of the TAP pin.
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 989 PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS
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9
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
Typical Application Circuit
C12 5.0V R4
L1 3 2 T1 6 IF OUT
4:1 (200:50) TRANSFORMER 4
C11
L2
1
C13
R1 GND LEXT 5.0V C3 C2
VCC
IFBIAS
IF+
20
19
18
IF-
L3
17
16
C10
C1 RFIN R5
1 2 3
MAX9993
15 14 13 12 11
LO2 GND GND GND LO1
L02
RF TAP
C5
C4
GND GND
4 5 10
L01
5.0V
5.0V
C9
6
7
8
LOBIAS
LOSEL
C6
R3
GND
VCC
VCC
R2
9
LO SELECT
C8
C7
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX9993
0.15 C A
D2
C L
D
b D2/2
0.10 M C A B
PIN # 1 I.D.
D/2
0.15 C B
k
PIN # 1 I.D. 0.35x45
E/2 E2/2 E (NE-1) X e
C L
E2
k L
DETAIL A
e (ND-1) X e
C L
C L
L
L
e 0.10 C A 0.08 C
e
C
A1 A3
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE 16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV.
21-0140
C
1 2
______________________________________________________________________________________
QFN THIN.EPS
11
High-Linearity 1700MHz to 2200MHz DownConversion Mixer with LO Buffer/Switch MAX9993
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
COMMON DIMENSIONS
EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994. 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES. 3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS. 4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE. 5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. 6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY. 7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION. 8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. 9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220. 10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm.
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
PACKAGE OUTLINE 16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV.
21-0140
C
2 2
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2002 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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